RSS to ActivityPub Converter

This is a server that lets users convert any RSS feed to an ActivityPub actor that can be followed by users on ActivityPub-compliant social networks like Mastodon.

This is based on my Express ActivityPub Server, a simple Node/Express server that supports a subset of ActivityPub.

As of the v2.0.0 release of this project, only users who are authenticated with a particular OAuth server can create feeds. Any federated user can still read the feeds. I implemented this because running this service in the open invited thousands of spammers to create feeds and overwhelm the service. With this new model, you can run this as an added bonus for people in a community like a Mastodon server, and as the person running it you are taking on only the moderation burden of the users you are already responsible for on your federated server.

Requirements

This requires Node.js v20 or above.

You also need beanstalkd running. This is a simple and fast queueing system we use to manage polling RSS feeds. Here are installation instructions. On a production server you'll want to install it as a background process.

You'll also need to control some kind of OAuth provider that you can regsiter this application on. This application was designed to work with Mastodon as that OAuth provider (see more on setting that up below), but any OAuth 2.0 provider should work. Many federated software packages besides Mastodon can act as OAuth providers, and if you want something standalone, Keycloak and ORY Hydra are two open source providers you could try.

Installation

Clone the repository, then cd into its root directory. Install dependencies:

npm i

Then copy config.js.template to config.js:

cp config.js.template config.js

Update your new config.js file:

export default {
	DOMAIN: "mydomain.com",
	PORT_HTTP: "3000",
	PORT_HTTPS: "8443",
	PRIVKEY_PATH: "/path/to/your/ssl/privkey.pem",
	CERT_PATH: "/path/to/your/ssl/cert.pem",
	OAUTH: {
		client_id: "abc123def456",
		client_secret: "zyx987wvu654",
		redirect_uri: "https://rss.example.social/convert",
		domain: "example.social",
		domain_human: "Example Online Community",
		authorize_path: "/oauth/authorize",
		token_path: "/oauth/token",
		token_verification_path: "/some/path/to/verify/token",
	},
};

• DOMAIN: your domain! this should be a discoverable domain of some kind like "example.com" or "rss.example.com"
• PORT_HTTP: the http port that Express runs on
• PORT_HTTPS: the https port that Express runs on
• PRIVKEY_PATH: point this to your private key you got from Certbot or similar
• CERT_PATH: point this to your cert you got from Certbot or similar
• OAUTH: this object contains properties related to OAuth login. See the section below on "Running with OAuth" for more details.
  • client_id: also known as the "client key". A long series of characters. You generate this when you register this application with an OAuth provider.
  • client_secret: Another long series of characters that you generate when you register this application with an OAuth provider.
  • redirect_uri: This is the URI that people get redirected to after they authorize the application on the OAuth server. Must point to the server where THIS service is running, and must point to the /convert page. This uri has to match what you put in the application info on the OAuth provider.
  • domain: The domain of the OAuth provider. Not necessarily the same as this server (for example, you could host this at rss.mydomain.com and then handle all OAuth through some other server you control, like a Mastodon server).
  • domain_human: The human-readable name of the OAuth provider. This will appear in various messages, so if you say "Example Online Community" here then the user will see a message like "Click here to log in via Example Online Community".
  • authorize_path: This will generally be /oauth/authorize/ but you can change it here if your OAuth provider uses a nonstandard authorization path.
  • token_path: This will generally be /oauth/token/ but you can change it here if your OAuth provider uses a nonstandard token path.
  • token_verification_path: This should be the path to any URL at the OAuth server that responds with an HTTP status code 200 when you are correctly logged in (and with a non-200 value when you are not). This is the path relative to the domain you set, so if your domain is example.social and you set token_verification_path to /foo/bar/ then the full path that this service will run a GET on to verify you are logged in is https://example.social/foo/bar.

Run the server!

node index.js

Go to https://whateveryourdomainis.com:3000/convert or whatever port you selected for HTTP, and enter an RSS feed and a username. If all goes well it will create a new ActivityPub user with instructions on how to view the user.

Sending out updates to followers

There is also a file called queueFeeds.js that needs to be run on a cron job or similar scheduler. I like to run mine once a minute. It queries every RSS feed in the database to see if there has been a change to the feed. If there is a new post, it sends out the new post to everyone subscribed to its corresponding ActivityPub Actor.

Running with OAuth

OAuth is unfortunately a bit underspecified so there are a lot of funky implementations out there. Here I will include an example of using a Mastodon server as the OAuth provider. This is how I have my RSS service set up: I run friend.camp as my Mastodon server, and I use my admin powers on friend.camp to register rss.friend.camp as an application. The steps for this, for Mastodon, are:

• log in as an admin user
• go to Preferences
• select Development
• select New Application
• type in an application name, and the URL where this service is running
• type in the redirect URI, which will be whatever base domain this service is running at with the /convert path appended. So something like https://rss.example.social/convert
• uncheck all scopes, and check read:accounts (this is the minimum required access, simply so this RSS converter can confirm someone is truly logged in)
• once you're done, save
• you will now have access to a "client key" and "client secret" for this app.
• open config.js in an editor
• fill in client_id with the client key, and client_secret with the client secret.
• set the redirect_uri to be identical to the one you put in Mastodon. It should look like https://rss.example.social/convert (the /convert part is important, this software won't work if you point to a different path)
• set domain to the domain of your Mastodon server, and domain_human to its human-friendly name
• leave authorize_path and token_path on their defaults
• set token_verification_path to /api/v1/accounts/verify_credentials
• cross your fingers and start up this server

Local testing

You can use a service like ngrok to test things out before you deploy on a real server. All you need to do is install ngrok and run ngrok http 3000 (or whatever port you're using if you changed it). Then go to your config.json and update the DOMAIN field to whatever abcdef.ngrok.io domain that ngrok gives you and restart your server.

Then make sure to manually run updateFeed.js when the feed changes. I recommend having your own test RSS feed that you can update whenever you want.

Database

This server uses a SQLite database stored in the file bot-node.db to keep track of all the data. To connect directly to the database for debugging, from the root directory of the project, run:

sqlite3 bot-node.db

There are two tables in the database: accounts and feeds.

accounts

This table keeps track of all the data needed for the accounts. Columns:

• name TEXT PRIMARY KEY: the account name, in the form thename@example.com
• privkey TEXT: the RSA private key for the account
• pubkey TEXT: the RSA public key for the account
• webfinger TEXT: the entire contents of the webfinger JSON served for this account
• actor TEXT: the entire contents of the actor JSON served for this account
• apikey TEXT: the API key associated with this account
• followers TEXT: a JSON-formatted array of the URL for the Actor JSON of all followers, in the form ["https://remote.server/users/somePerson", "https://another.remote.server/ourUsers/anotherPerson"]
• messages TEXT: not yet used but will eventually store all messages so we can render them on a "profile" page

feeds

This table keeps track of all the data needed for the feeds. Columns:

• feed TEXT PRIMARY KEY: the URI of the RSS feed
• username TEXT: the username associated with the RSS feed
• content TEXT: the most recent copy fetched of the RSS feed's contents

License

Copyright (c) 2018 Darius Kazemi. Licensed under the MIT license.