iodine/src/iodined.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Bjorn Andersson <flex@kryo.se>, Erik Ekman <yarrick@kryo.se>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <zlib.h>

#include "common.h"

#ifdef WINDOWS32
#include "windows.h"
#include <winsock2.h>
#else
#include <arpa/nameser.h>
#ifdef DARWIN
#define BIND_8_COMPAT
#include <arpa/nameser_compat.h>
#endif
#define _XPG4_2
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#endif

#include "dns.h"
#include "encoding.h"
#include "base32.h"
#include "base64.h"
#include "user.h"
#include "login.h"
#include "tun.h"
#include "fw_query.h"
#include "version.h"

#ifdef WINDOWS32
WORD req_version = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
WSADATA wsa_data;
#endif

#define PASSWORD_ENV_VAR "IODINED_PASS"

static int running = 1;
static char *topdomain;
static char password[33];
static struct encoder *b32;
static int created_users;

static int check_ip;
static int my_mtu;
static in_addr_t my_ip;
static int netmask;

static in_addr_t ns_ip;

static int bind_port;
static int debug;

#if !defined(BSD) && !defined(__GLIBC__)
static char *__progname;
#endif

static int read_dns(int, int, struct query *);
static void write_dns(int, struct query *, char *, int);
static void handle_full_packet(int, int);

static void
sigint(int sig) 
{
	running = 0;
}

#ifdef WINDOWS32
#define	LOG_EMERG	0
#define	LOG_ALERT	1
#define	LOG_CRIT	2
#define	LOG_ERR		3
#define	LOG_WARNING	4
#define	LOG_NOTICE	5
#define	LOG_INFO	6
#define	LOG_DEBUG	7
static void
syslog(int a, const char *str, ...)
{
	/* TODO: implement (add to event log), move to common.c */
	;
}
#endif

static int
check_user_and_ip(int userid, struct query *q)
{
	struct sockaddr_in *tempin;

	if (userid < 0 || userid >= created_users ) {
		return 1; 
	}
	if (!users[userid].active) {
		return 1;
	}
	if (users[userid].last_pkt + 60 < time(NULL)) {
		return 1;
	}

	/* return early if IP checking is disabled */
	if (!check_ip) {
		return 0;
	}

	tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
	return memcmp(&(users[userid].host), &(tempin->sin_addr), sizeof(struct in_addr));
}

static void
send_raw(int fd, char *buf, int buflen, int user, int cmd, struct query *q)
{
	char packet[4096];
	int len;

	len = MIN(sizeof(packet) - RAW_HDR_LEN, buflen);

	memcpy(packet, raw_header, RAW_HDR_LEN);
	if (len) {
		memcpy(&packet[RAW_HDR_LEN], buf, len);
	}

	len += RAW_HDR_LEN;
	packet[RAW_HDR_CMD] = cmd | (user & 0x0F);

	sendto(fd, packet, len, 0, &q->from, q->fromlen);
}


static int
tunnel_tun(int tun_fd, int dns_fd)
{
	unsigned long outlen;
	struct ip *header;
	char out[64*1024];
	char in[64*1024];
	int userid;
	int read;

	if ((read = read_tun(tun_fd, in, sizeof(in))) <= 0)
		return 0;
	
	/* find target ip in packet, in is padded with 4 bytes TUN header */
	header = (struct ip*) (in + 4);
	userid = find_user_by_ip(header->ip_dst.s_addr);
	if (userid < 0)
		return 0;

	outlen = sizeof(out);
	compress2((uint8_t*)out, &outlen, (uint8_t*)in, read, 9);

	if (users[userid].conn == CONN_DNS_NULL) {
		/* if another packet is queued, throw away this one. TODO build queue */
		if (users[userid].outpacket.len == 0) {
			memcpy(users[userid].outpacket.data, out, outlen);
			users[userid].outpacket.len = outlen;
			users[userid].outpacket.offset = 0;
			users[userid].outpacket.sentlen = 0;
			users[userid].outpacket.seqno = (++users[userid].outpacket.seqno & 7);
			users[userid].outpacket.fragment = 0;
			return outlen;
		} else {
			return 0;
		}
	} else { /* CONN_RAW_UDP */
		send_raw(dns_fd, out, outlen, userid, RAW_HDR_CMD_DATA, &users[userid].q);
		return outlen;
	}
}

typedef enum {
	VERSION_ACK,
	VERSION_NACK,
	VERSION_FULL
} version_ack_t;

static void
send_version_response(int fd, version_ack_t ack, uint32_t payload, int userid, struct query *q)
{
	char out[9];
	
	switch (ack) {
	case VERSION_ACK:
		strncpy(out, "VACK", sizeof(out));
		break;
	case VERSION_NACK:
		strncpy(out, "VNAK", sizeof(out));
		break;
	case VERSION_FULL:
		strncpy(out, "VFUL", sizeof(out));
		break;
	}
	
	out[4] = ((payload >> 24) & 0xff);
	out[5] = ((payload >> 16) & 0xff);
	out[6] = ((payload >> 8) & 0xff);
	out[7] = ((payload) & 0xff);
	out[8] = userid & 0xff;

	write_dns(fd, q, out, sizeof(out));
}

static void
send_chunk(int dns_fd, int userid) {
	char pkt[4096];
	int datalen;
	int last;

	datalen = MIN(users[userid].fragsize, users[userid].outpacket.len - users[userid].outpacket.offset);

	if (datalen && users[userid].outpacket.sentlen > 0 && 
			(
			users[userid].outpacket.seqno != users[userid].out_acked_seqno ||
			users[userid].outpacket.fragment != users[userid].out_acked_fragment
			)
		) {

		/* Still waiting on latest ack, send nothing */
		datalen = 0;
		last = 0;
		/* TODO : count down and discard packet if no acks arrive within X queries */
	} else {
		memcpy(&pkt[2], &users[userid].outpacket.data[users[userid].outpacket.offset], datalen);
		users[userid].outpacket.sentlen = datalen;
		last = (users[userid].outpacket.len == users[userid].outpacket.offset + users[userid].outpacket.sentlen);

		/* Increase fragment# when sending data with offset */
		if (users[userid].outpacket.offset && datalen)
			users[userid].outpacket.fragment++;
	}

	/* Build downstream data header (see doc/proto_xxxxxxxx.txt) */

	/* First byte is 1 bit compression flag, 3 bits upstream seqno, 4 bits upstream fragment */
	pkt[0] = (1<<7) | ((users[userid].inpacket.seqno & 7) << 4) | (users[userid].inpacket.fragment & 15);
	/* Second byte is 3 bits downstream seqno, 4 bits downstream fragment, 1 bit last flag */
	pkt[1] = ((users[userid].outpacket.seqno & 7) << 5) | 
		((users[userid].outpacket.fragment & 15) << 1) | (last & 1);

	if (debug >= 1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "OUT  pkt seq# %d, frag %d (last=%d), offset %d, fragsize %d, total %d, to user %d\n",
			users[userid].outpacket.seqno & 7, users[userid].outpacket.fragment & 15, 
			last, users[userid].outpacket.offset, datalen, users[userid].outpacket.len, userid);
	}
	write_dns(dns_fd, &users[userid].q, pkt, datalen + 2);
	users[userid].q.id = 0;

	if (users[userid].outpacket.len > 0 && 
		users[userid].outpacket.len == users[userid].outpacket.sentlen) {

		/* Whole packet was sent in one chunk, dont wait for ack */
		users[userid].outpacket.len = 0;
		users[userid].outpacket.offset = 0;
		users[userid].outpacket.sentlen = 0;
	}
}

static void
update_downstream_seqno(int dns_fd, int userid, int down_seq, int down_frag)
{
	/* If we just read a new packet from tun we have not sent a fragment of, just send it */
	if (users[userid].outpacket.len > 0 && users[userid].outpacket.sentlen == 0) {
		send_chunk(dns_fd, userid);
		return;
	}

	/* otherwise, check if we received ack on a fragment and can send next */
	if (users[userid].outpacket.len > 0 &&
		users[userid].outpacket.seqno == down_seq && users[userid].outpacket.fragment == down_frag) {

		if (down_seq != users[userid].out_acked_seqno || down_frag != users[userid].out_acked_fragment) {
			/* Received ACK on downstream fragment */
			users[userid].outpacket.offset += users[userid].outpacket.sentlen;
			users[userid].outpacket.sentlen = 0;

			/* Is packet done? */
			if (users[userid].outpacket.offset == users[userid].outpacket.len) {
				users[userid].outpacket.len = 0;
				users[userid].outpacket.offset = 0;
				users[userid].outpacket.sentlen = 0;
			}

			users[userid].out_acked_seqno = down_seq;
			users[userid].out_acked_fragment = down_frag;

			/* Send reply if waiting */
			if (users[userid].outpacket.len > 0) {
				send_chunk(dns_fd, userid);
			}
		}
	}
}

static void
handle_null_request(int tun_fd, int dns_fd, struct query *q, int domain_len)
{
	struct in_addr tempip;
	char in[512];
	char logindata[16];
	char out[64*1024];
	char unpacked[64*1024];
	char *tmp[2];
	int userid;
	int read;

	userid = -1;

	memcpy(in, q->name, MIN(domain_len, sizeof(in)));

	if(in[0] == 'V' || in[0] == 'v') {
		int version = 0;

		read = unpack_data(unpacked, sizeof(unpacked), &(in[1]), domain_len - 1, b32);
		/* Version greeting, compare and send ack/nak */
		if (read > 4) { 
			/* Received V + 32bits version */
			version = (((unpacked[0] & 0xff) << 24) |
					   ((unpacked[1] & 0xff) << 16) |
					   ((unpacked[2] & 0xff) << 8) |
					   ((unpacked[3] & 0xff)));
		}

		if (version == VERSION) {
			userid = find_available_user();
			if (userid >= 0) {
				struct sockaddr_in *tempin;

				users[userid].seed = rand();
				/* Store remote IP number */
				tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
				memcpy(&(users[userid].host), &(tempin->sin_addr), sizeof(struct in_addr));
				
				memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));
				users[userid].encoder = get_base32_encoder();
				send_version_response(dns_fd, VERSION_ACK, users[userid].seed, userid, q);
				syslog(LOG_INFO, "accepted version for user #%d from %s",
					userid, inet_ntoa(tempin->sin_addr));
				users[userid].q.id = 0;
			} else {
				/* No space for another user */
				send_version_response(dns_fd, VERSION_FULL, created_users, 0, q);
				syslog(LOG_INFO, "dropped user from %s, server full", 
					inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *) &q->from)->sin_addr));
			}
		} else {
			send_version_response(dns_fd, VERSION_NACK, VERSION, 0, q);
			syslog(LOG_INFO, "dropped user from %s, sent bad version %08X", 
				inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *) &q->from)->sin_addr), version);
		}
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'L' || in[0] == 'l') {
		read = unpack_data(unpacked, sizeof(unpacked), &(in[1]), domain_len - 1, b32);
		/* Login phase, handle auth */
		userid = unpacked[0];

		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			syslog(LOG_WARNING, "dropped login request from user #%d from unexpected source %s",
				userid, inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *) &q->from)->sin_addr));
			return;
		} else {
			users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
			login_calculate(logindata, 16, password, users[userid].seed);

			if (read >= 18 && (memcmp(logindata, unpacked+1, 16) == 0)) {
				/* Login ok, send ip/mtu/netmask info */

				tempip.s_addr = my_ip;
				tmp[0] = strdup(inet_ntoa(tempip));
				tempip.s_addr = users[userid].tun_ip;
				tmp[1] = strdup(inet_ntoa(tempip));

				read = snprintf(out, sizeof(out), "%s-%s-%d-%d", 
						tmp[0], tmp[1], my_mtu, netmask);

				write_dns(dns_fd, q, out, read);
				q->id = 0;
				syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "accepted password from user #%d, given IP %s", userid, tmp[1]);

				free(tmp[1]);
				free(tmp[0]);
			} else {
				write_dns(dns_fd, q, "LNAK", 4);
				syslog(LOG_WARNING, "rejected login request from user #%d from %s, bad password",
					userid, inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *) &q->from)->sin_addr));
			}
		}
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'I' || in[0] == 'i') {
		/* Request for IP number */
		in_addr_t replyaddr;
		unsigned addr;
		char reply[5];
		
		userid = b32_8to5(in[1]);
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			return; /* illegal id */
		}

		if (ns_ip != INADDR_ANY) {
			/* If set, use assigned external ip (-n option) */
			replyaddr = ns_ip;
		} else {
			/* otherwise return destination ip from packet */
			memcpy(&replyaddr, &q->destination.s_addr, sizeof(in_addr_t));
		}

		addr = htonl(replyaddr);
		reply[0] = 'I';
		reply[1] = (addr >> 24) & 0xFF;
		reply[2] = (addr >> 16) & 0xFF;
		reply[3] = (addr >>  8) & 0xFF;
		reply[4] = (addr >>  0) & 0xFF;
		write_dns(dns_fd, q, reply, sizeof(reply));
	} else if(in[0] == 'Z' || in[0] == 'z') {
		/* Check for case conservation and chars not allowed according to RFC */

		/* Reply with received hostname as data */
		write_dns(dns_fd, q, in, domain_len);
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'S' || in[0] == 's') {
		int codec;
		struct encoder *enc;
		if (domain_len < 3) { /* len at least 3, example: "S15" */
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADLEN", 6);
			return;
		}

		userid = b32_8to5(in[1]);
		
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			return; /* illegal id */
		}
		
		codec = b32_8to5(in[2]);

		switch (codec) {
		case 5: /* 5 bits per byte = base32 */
			enc = get_base32_encoder();
			user_switch_codec(userid, enc);
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, enc->name, strlen(enc->name));
			break;
		case 6: /* 6 bits per byte = base64 */
			enc = get_base64_encoder();
			user_switch_codec(userid, enc);
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, enc->name, strlen(enc->name));
			break;
		default:
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADCODEC", 8);
			break;
		}
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'R' || in[0] == 'r') {
		int req_frag_size;

		/* Downstream fragsize probe packet */
		userid = (b32_8to5(in[1]) >> 1) & 15;
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			return; /* illegal id */
		}
				
		req_frag_size = ((b32_8to5(in[1]) & 1) << 10) | ((b32_8to5(in[2]) & 31) << 5) | (b32_8to5(in[3]) & 31);
		if (req_frag_size < 2 || req_frag_size > 2047) {	
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADFRAG", 7);
		} else {
			char buf[2048];

			memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
			buf[0] = (req_frag_size >> 8) & 0xff;
			buf[1] = req_frag_size & 0xff;
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, buf, req_frag_size);
		}
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'N' || in[0] == 'n') {
		int max_frag_size;

		read = unpack_data(unpacked, sizeof(unpacked), &(in[1]), domain_len - 1, b32);
		/* Downstream fragsize packet */
		userid = unpacked[0];
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			return; /* illegal id */
		}
				
		max_frag_size = ((unpacked[1] & 0xff) << 8) | (unpacked[2] & 0xff);
		if (max_frag_size < 2) {	
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADFRAG", 7);
		} else {
			users[userid].fragsize = max_frag_size;
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, &unpacked[1], 2);
		}
		return;
	} else if(in[0] == 'P' || in[0] == 'p') {
		int dn_seq;
		int dn_frag;
		
		read = unpack_data(unpacked, sizeof(unpacked), &(in[1]), domain_len - 1, b32);
		/* Ping packet, store userid */
		userid = unpacked[0];
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
			return; /* illegal id */
		}
				
		if (debug >= 1) {
			fprintf(stderr, "PING pkt from user %d\n", userid);
		}

		if (users[userid].q.id != 0) {
			/* Send reply on earlier query before overwriting */
			send_chunk(dns_fd, userid);
		}

		dn_seq = unpacked[1] >> 4;
		dn_frag = unpacked[1] & 15;
		memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));
		users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);

		/* Update seqno and maybe send immediate response packet */
		update_downstream_seqno(dns_fd, userid, dn_seq, dn_frag);
	} else if((in[0] >= '0' && in[0] <= '9')
			|| (in[0] >= 'a' && in[0] <= 'f')
			|| (in[0] >= 'A' && in[0] <= 'F')) {
		int code = -1;

		if ((in[0] >= '0' && in[0] <= '9'))
			code = in[0] - '0';
		if ((in[0] >= 'a' && in[0] <= 'f'))
			code = in[0] - 'a' + 10;
		if ((in[0] >= 'A' && in[0] <= 'F'))
			code = in[0] - 'A' + 10;

		userid = code;
		/* Check user and sending ip number */
		if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
			write_dns(dns_fd, q, "BADIP", 5);
		} else {
			/* Decode data header */
			int up_seq = (b32_8to5(in[1]) >> 2) & 7;
			int up_frag = ((b32_8to5(in[1]) & 3) << 2) | ((b32_8to5(in[2]) >> 3) & 3);
			int dn_seq = (b32_8to5(in[2]) & 7);
			int dn_frag = b32_8to5(in[3]) >> 1;
			int lastfrag = b32_8to5(in[3]) & 1;

			if (users[userid].q.id != 0) {
				/* Send reply on earlier query before overwriting */
				send_chunk(dns_fd, userid);
			}

			/* Update query and time info for user */
			users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
			memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));

			if (up_seq == users[userid].inpacket.seqno && 
				up_frag <= users[userid].inpacket.fragment) {
				/* Got repeated old packet, skip it */
				if (debug >= 1) {
					fprintf(stderr, "IN   pkt seq# %d, frag %d, dropped duplicate\n",
						up_seq, up_frag);
				}
				/* Update seqno and maybe send immediate response packet */
				update_downstream_seqno(dns_fd, userid, dn_seq, dn_frag);
				return;
			}
			if (up_seq != users[userid].inpacket.seqno) {
				/* New packet has arrived */
				users[userid].inpacket.seqno = up_seq;
				users[userid].inpacket.len = 0;
				users[userid].inpacket.offset = 0;
			}
			users[userid].inpacket.fragment = up_frag;

			/* decode with this users encoding */
			read = unpack_data(unpacked, sizeof(unpacked), &(in[4]), domain_len - 4, 
					   users[userid].encoder);

			/* copy to packet buffer, update length */
			memcpy(users[userid].inpacket.data + users[userid].inpacket.offset, unpacked, read);
			users[userid].inpacket.len += read;
			users[userid].inpacket.offset += read;

			if (debug >= 1) {
				fprintf(stderr, "IN   pkt seq# %d, frag %d (last=%d), fragsize %d, total %d, from user %d\n",
					up_seq, up_frag, lastfrag, read, users[userid].inpacket.len, userid);
			}

			if (lastfrag & 1) { /* packet is complete */
				handle_full_packet(tun_fd, userid);
			}
			/* Update seqno and maybe send immediate response packet */
			update_downstream_seqno(dns_fd, userid, dn_seq, dn_frag);
		}
	}
}

static void
handle_ns_request(int dns_fd, struct query *q)
{
	char buf[64*1024];
	int len;

	if (ns_ip != INADDR_ANY) {
		/* If ns_ip set, overwrite destination addr with it.
		 * Destination addr will be sent as additional record (A, IN) */
		memcpy(&q->destination.s_addr, &ns_ip, sizeof(in_addr_t));
	}

	len = dns_encode_ns_response(buf, sizeof(buf), q, topdomain);
	
	if (debug >= 2) {
		struct sockaddr_in *tempin;
		tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
		fprintf(stderr, "TX: client %s, type %d, name %s, %d bytes NS reply\n", 
			inet_ntoa(tempin->sin_addr), q->type, q->name, len);
	}
	if (sendto(dns_fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&q->from, q->fromlen) <= 0) {
		warn("ns reply send error");
	}
}

static void
forward_query(int bind_fd, struct query *q)
{
	char buf[64*1024];
	int len;
	struct fw_query fwq;
	struct sockaddr_in *myaddr;
	in_addr_t newaddr;

	len = dns_encode(buf, sizeof(buf), q, QR_QUERY, q->name, strlen(q->name));

	/* Store sockaddr for q->id */
	memcpy(&(fwq.addr), &(q->from), q->fromlen);
	fwq.addrlen = q->fromlen;
	fwq.id = q->id;
	fw_query_put(&fwq);

	newaddr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	myaddr = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
	memcpy(&(myaddr->sin_addr), &newaddr, sizeof(in_addr_t));
	myaddr->sin_port = htons(bind_port);
	
	if (debug >= 2) {
		fprintf(stderr, "TX: NS reply \n");
	}

	if (sendto(bind_fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&q->from, q->fromlen) <= 0) {
		warn("forward query error");
	}
}
  
static int
tunnel_bind(int bind_fd, int dns_fd)
{
	char packet[64*1024];
	struct sockaddr_in from;
	socklen_t fromlen;
	struct fw_query *query;
	unsigned short id;
	int r;

	fromlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
	r = recvfrom(bind_fd, packet, sizeof(packet), 0, 
		(struct sockaddr*)&from, &fromlen);

	if (r <= 0)
		return 0;

	id = dns_get_id(packet, r);
	
	if (debug >= 2) {
		fprintf(stderr, "RX: Got response on query %u from DNS\n", (id & 0xFFFF));
	}

	/* Get sockaddr from id */
	fw_query_get(id, &query);
	if (!query && debug >= 2) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Lost sender of id %u, dropping reply\n", (id & 0xFFFF));
		return 0;
	}

	if (debug >= 2) {
		struct sockaddr_in *in;
		in = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(query->addr);
		fprintf(stderr, "TX: client %s id %u, %d bytes\n",
			inet_ntoa(in->sin_addr), (id & 0xffff), r);
	}
	
	if (sendto(dns_fd, packet, r, 0, (const struct sockaddr *) &(query->addr), 
		query->addrlen) <= 0) {
		warn("forward reply error");
	}

	return 0;
}

static int
tunnel_dns(int tun_fd, int dns_fd, int bind_fd)
{
	struct query q;
	int read;
	char *domain;
	int domain_len;
	int inside_topdomain;

	if ((read = read_dns(dns_fd, tun_fd, &q)) <= 0)
		return 0;

	if (debug >= 2) {
		struct sockaddr_in *tempin;
		tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q.from);
		fprintf(stderr, "RX: client %s, type %d, name %s\n", 
			inet_ntoa(tempin->sin_addr), q.type, q.name);
	}
	
	domain = strstr(q.name, topdomain);
	inside_topdomain = 0;
	if (domain) {
		domain_len = (int) (domain - q.name); 
		if (domain_len + strlen(topdomain) == strlen(q.name)) {
			inside_topdomain = 1;
		}
	}
	
	if (inside_topdomain) {
		/* This is a query we can handle */
		switch (q.type) {
		case T_NULL:
			handle_null_request(tun_fd, dns_fd, &q, domain_len);
			break;
		case T_NS:
			handle_ns_request(dns_fd, &q);
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	} else {
		/* Forward query to other port ? */
		if (bind_fd) {
			forward_query(bind_fd, &q);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
tunnel(int tun_fd, int dns_fd, int bind_fd)
{
	struct timeval tv;
	fd_set fds;
	int i;

	while (running) {
		int maxfd;
 		if (users_waiting_on_reply()) {
 			tv.tv_sec = 0;
 			tv.tv_usec = 15000;
 		} else {
 			tv.tv_sec = 1;
 			tv.tv_usec = 0;
 		}

		FD_ZERO(&fds);

		FD_SET(dns_fd, &fds);
		maxfd = dns_fd;

		if (bind_fd) {
			/* wait for replies from real DNS */
			FD_SET(bind_fd, &fds);
			maxfd = MAX(bind_fd, maxfd);
		}

		/* TODO : use some kind of packet queue */
		if(!all_users_waiting_to_send()) {
			FD_SET(tun_fd, &fds);
			maxfd = MAX(tun_fd, maxfd);
		}

		i = select(maxfd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
		
		if(i < 0) {
			if (running) 
				warn("select");
			return 1;
		}

 		if (i==0) {	
			int j;
 			for (j = 0; j < USERS; j++) {
 				if (users[j].q.id != 0 && users[j].conn == CONN_DNS_NULL) {
					send_chunk(dns_fd, j);
 				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			if (FD_ISSET(tun_fd, &fds)) {
 				tunnel_tun(tun_fd, dns_fd);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (FD_ISSET(dns_fd, &fds)) {
 				tunnel_dns(tun_fd, dns_fd, bind_fd);
 				continue;
 			} 
			if (FD_ISSET(bind_fd, &fds)) {
				tunnel_bind(bind_fd, dns_fd);
				continue;
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

static void
handle_full_packet(int tun_fd, int userid)
{
	unsigned long outlen;
	char out[64*1024];
	int touser;
	int ret;

	outlen = sizeof(out);
	ret = uncompress((uint8_t*)out, &outlen, 
		   (uint8_t*)users[userid].inpacket.data, users[userid].inpacket.len);

	if (ret == Z_OK) {
		struct ip *hdr;

		hdr = (struct ip*) (out + 4);
		touser = find_user_by_ip(hdr->ip_dst.s_addr);

		if (touser == -1) {
			/* send the uncompressed packet to tun device */
			write_tun(tun_fd, out, outlen);
		} else {
			/* send the compressed packet to other client
			 * if another packet is queued, throw away this one. TODO build queue */
			if (users[touser].outpacket.len == 0) {
				memcpy(users[touser].outpacket.data, users[userid].inpacket.data, users[userid].inpacket.len);
				users[touser].outpacket.len = users[userid].inpacket.len;
			}
		}
	} else {
		fprintf(stderr, "Discarded data, uncompress() result: %d\n", ret);
	}
	users[userid].inpacket.len = users[userid].inpacket.offset = 0;
}

static void
handle_raw_login(char *packet, int len, struct query *q, int fd, int userid)
{
	char myhash[16];
	
	if (len < 16) return;

	if (userid < 0 || userid > created_users) return;
	if (!users[userid].active) return;

	/* User sends hash of seed + 1 */
	login_calculate(myhash, 16, password, users[userid].seed + 1);
	if (memcmp(packet, myhash, 16) == 0) {
		struct sockaddr_in *tempin;

		/* Update query and time info for user */
		users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
		memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));

		/* Store remote IP number */
		tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
		memcpy(&(users[userid].host), &(tempin->sin_addr), sizeof(struct in_addr));
		 
		/* Correct hash, reply with hash of seed - 1 */
		user_set_conn_type(userid, CONN_RAW_UDP);
		users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
		login_calculate(myhash, 16, password, users[userid].seed - 1);
		send_raw(fd, myhash, 16, userid, RAW_HDR_CMD_LOGIN, q);
	}
}

static void
handle_raw_data(char *packet, int len, struct query *q, int dns_fd, int tun_fd, int userid)
{
	if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
		return;
	}

	/* Update query and time info for user */
	users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
	memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));

	/* copy to packet buffer, update length */
	users[userid].inpacket.offset = 0;
	memcpy(users[userid].inpacket.data, packet, len);
	users[userid].inpacket.len = len;

	if (debug >= 1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "IN   pkt raw, total %d, from user %d\n",
			users[userid].inpacket.len, userid);
	}

	handle_full_packet(tun_fd, userid);
}

static void
handle_raw_ping(struct query *q, int dns_fd, int userid)
{
	if (check_user_and_ip(userid, q) != 0) {
		return;
	}

	/* Update query and time info for user */
	users[userid].last_pkt = time(NULL);
	memcpy(&(users[userid].q), q, sizeof(struct query));

	/* Send ping reply */
	send_raw(dns_fd, NULL, 0, userid, RAW_HDR_CMD_PING, q);
}

static int
raw_decode(char *packet, int len, struct query *q, int dns_fd, int tun_fd)
{
	int raw_user;

	/* minimum length */
	if (len < RAW_HDR_LEN) return 0;
	/* should start with header */
	if (memcmp(packet, raw_header, RAW_HDR_IDENT_LEN)) return 0;

	raw_user = RAW_HDR_GET_USR(packet);
	switch (RAW_HDR_GET_CMD(packet)) {
	case RAW_HDR_CMD_LOGIN:
		/* Login challenge */
		handle_raw_login(&packet[RAW_HDR_LEN], len - RAW_HDR_LEN, q, dns_fd, raw_user);
		break;
	case RAW_HDR_CMD_DATA:
		/* Data packet */
		handle_raw_data(&packet[RAW_HDR_LEN], len - RAW_HDR_LEN, q, dns_fd, tun_fd, raw_user);
		break;
	case RAW_HDR_CMD_PING:
		/* Keepalive packet */
		handle_raw_ping(q, dns_fd, raw_user);
		break;
	default:
		warnx("Unhandled raw command %02X from user %d", RAW_HDR_GET_CMD(packet), raw_user);
		break;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int
read_dns(int fd, int tun_fd, struct query *q) /* FIXME: tun_fd is because of raw_decode() below */
{
	struct sockaddr_in from;
	socklen_t addrlen;
	char packet[64*1024];
	int r;
#ifndef WINDOWS32
	char address[96];
	struct msghdr msg;
	struct iovec iov;
	struct cmsghdr *cmsg;

	addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
	iov.iov_base = packet;
	iov.iov_len = sizeof(packet);

	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t) &from;
	msg.msg_namelen = (unsigned) addrlen;
	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
	msg.msg_control = address;
	msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(address);
	msg.msg_flags = 0;
	
	r = recvmsg(fd, &msg, 0);
#else
	addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
	r = recvfrom(fd, packet, sizeof(packet), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&from, &addrlen);
#endif /* !WINDOWS32 */

	if (r > 0) {
		memcpy((struct sockaddr*)&q->from, (struct sockaddr*)&from, addrlen);
		q->fromlen = addrlen;

		/* TODO do not handle raw packets here! */
		if (raw_decode(packet, r, q, fd, tun_fd)) {
			return 0;
		}
		if (dns_decode(NULL, 0, q, QR_QUERY, packet, r) < 0) {
			return 0;
		}
		
#ifndef WINDOWS32
		for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg != NULL; 
			cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) { 
			
			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IP && 
				cmsg->cmsg_type == DSTADDR_SOCKOPT) { 
				
				q->destination = *dstaddr(cmsg); 
				break;
			} 
		}
#endif

		return strlen(q->name);
	} else if (r < 0) { 
		/* Error */
		warn("read dns");
	}

	return 0;
}

static void
write_dns(int fd, struct query *q, char *data, int datalen)
{
	char buf[64*1024];
	int len;

	len = dns_encode(buf, sizeof(buf), q, QR_ANSWER, data, datalen);
	
	if (debug >= 2) {
		struct sockaddr_in *tempin;
		tempin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &(q->from);
		fprintf(stderr, "TX: client %s, type %d, name %s, %d bytes data\n", 
			inet_ntoa(tempin->sin_addr), q->type, q->name, datalen);
	}

	sendto(fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&q->from, q->fromlen);
}

static void
usage() {
	extern char *__progname;

	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-v] [-h] [-c] [-s] [-f] [-D] [-u user] "
		"[-t chrootdir] [-d device] [-m mtu] [-z context] "
		"[-l ip address to listen on] [-p port] [-n external ip] "
		"[-b dnsport] [-P password] [-F pidfile] "
		"tunnel_ip[/netmask] topdomain\n", __progname);
	exit(2);
}

static void
help() {
	extern char *__progname;

	fprintf(stderr, "iodine IP over DNS tunneling server\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-v] [-h] [-c] [-s] [-f] [-D] [-u user] "
		"[-t chrootdir] [-d device] [-m mtu] [-z context] "
		"[-l ip address to listen on] [-p port] [-n external ip] [-b dnsport] [-P password] "
		"[-F pidfile] tunnel_ip[/netmask] topdomain\n", __progname);
	fprintf(stderr, "  -v to print version info and exit\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -h to print this help and exit\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -c to disable check of client IP/port on each request\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -s to skip creating and configuring the tun device, "
		"which then has to be created manually\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -f to keep running in foreground\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -D to increase debug level\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -u name to drop privileges and run as user 'name'\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -t dir to chroot to directory dir\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -d device to set tunnel device name\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -m mtu to set tunnel device mtu\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -z context to apply SELinux context after initialization\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -l ip address to listen on for incoming dns traffic "
		"(default 0.0.0.0)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -p port to listen on for incoming dns traffic (default 53)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -n ip to respond with to NS queries\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -b port to forward normal DNS queries to (on localhost)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -P password used for authentication (max 32 chars will be used)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "  -F pidfile to write pid to a file\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "tunnel_ip is the IP number of the local tunnel interface.\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "   /netmask sets the size of the tunnel network.\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "topdomain is the FQDN that is delegated to this server.\n");
	exit(0);
}

static void
version() {
	char *svnver;
	svnver = "$Rev$ from $Date$";
	fprintf(stderr, "iodine IP over DNS tunneling server\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "SVN version: %s\n", svnver);
	exit(0);
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	extern char *__progname;
	in_addr_t listen_ip;
#ifndef WINDOWS32
	struct passwd *pw;
#endif
	int foreground;
	char *username;
	char *newroot;
	char *context;
	char *device;
	char *pidfile;
	int dnsd_fd;
	int tun_fd;

	/* settings for forwarding normal DNS to 
	 * local real DNS server */
	int bind_fd;
	int bind_enable;
	
	int choice;
	int port;
	int mtu;
	int skipipconfig;
	char *netsize;
	int retval;

#ifndef WINDOWS32
	pw = NULL;
#endif
	username = NULL;
	newroot = NULL;
	context = NULL;
	device = NULL;
	foreground = 0;
	bind_enable = 0;
	bind_fd = 0;
	mtu = 1200;
	listen_ip = INADDR_ANY;
	port = 53;
	ns_ip = INADDR_ANY;
	check_ip = 1;
	skipipconfig = 0;
	debug = 0;
	netmask = 27;
	pidfile = NULL;

	b32 = get_base32_encoder();
	
	retval = 0;

#ifdef WINDOWS32
	WSAStartup(req_version, &wsa_data);
#endif

#if !defined(BSD) && !defined(__GLIBC__)
	__progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
	if (__progname == NULL)
		__progname = argv[0];
	else
		__progname++;
#endif

	memset(password, 0, sizeof(password));
	srand(time(NULL));
	fw_query_init();
	
	while ((choice = getopt(argc, argv, "vcsfhDu:t:d:m:l:p:n:b:P:z:F:")) != -1) {
		switch(choice) {
		case 'v':
			version();
			break;
		case 'c':
			check_ip = 0;
			break;
		case 's':
			skipipconfig = 1;
			break;
		case 'f':
			foreground = 1;
			break;
		case 'h':
			help();
			break;
		case 'D':
			debug++;
			break;
		case 'u':
			username = optarg;
			break;
		case 't':
			newroot = optarg;
			break;
		case 'd':
			device = optarg;
			break;
		case 'm':
			mtu = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'l':
			listen_ip = inet_addr(optarg);
			break;
		case 'p':
			port = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'n':
			ns_ip = inet_addr(optarg);
			break;
		case 'b':
			bind_enable = 1;
			bind_port = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'F':
			pidfile = optarg;
			break;    
		case 'P':
			strncpy(password, optarg, sizeof(password));
			password[sizeof(password)-1] = 0;
			
			/* XXX: find better way of cleaning up ps(1) */
			memset(optarg, 0, strlen(optarg)); 
			break;
		case 'z':
			context = optarg;
			break;
		default:
			usage();
			break;
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	check_superuser(usage);

	if (argc != 2) 
		usage();
	
	netsize = strchr(argv[0], '/');
	if (netsize) {
		*netsize = 0;
		netsize++;
		netmask = atoi(netsize);
	}

	my_ip = inet_addr(argv[0]);
	
	if (my_ip == INADDR_NONE) {
		warnx("Bad IP address to use inside tunnel.");
		usage();
	}

	topdomain = strdup(argv[1]);
	if (strlen(topdomain) <= 128) {
		if(check_topdomain(topdomain)) {
			warnx("Topdomain contains invalid characters.");
			usage();
		}
	} else {
		warnx("Use a topdomain max 128 chars long.");
		usage();
	}

	if (username != NULL) {
#ifndef WINDOWS32
		if ((pw = getpwnam(username)) == NULL) {
			warnx("User %s does not exist!", username);
			usage();
		}
#endif
	}

	if (mtu <= 0) {
		warnx("Bad MTU given.");
		usage();
	}
	
	if(port < 1 || port > 65535) {
		warnx("Bad port number given.");
		usage();
	}
	
	if(bind_enable) {
		if (bind_port < 1 || bind_port > 65535) {
			warnx("Bad DNS server port number given.");
			usage();
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}
		/* Avoid forwarding loops */
		if (bind_port == port && (listen_ip == INADDR_ANY || listen_ip == htonl(0x7f000001L))) {
			warnx("Forward port is same as listen port (%d), will create a loop!", bind_port);
			fprintf(stderr, "Use -l to set listen ip to avoid this.\n");
			usage();
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}
		fprintf(stderr, "Requests for domains outside of %s will be forwarded to port %d\n",
			topdomain, bind_port);
	}
	
	if (port != 53) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ALERT! Other dns servers expect you to run on port 53.\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "You must manually forward port 53 to port %d for things to work.\n", port);
	}

	if (debug) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Debug level %d enabled, will stay in foreground.\n", debug);
		fprintf(stderr, "Add more -D switches to set higher debug level.\n");
		foreground = 1;
	}

	if (listen_ip == INADDR_NONE) {
		warnx("Bad IP address to listen on.");
		usage();
	}
	
	if (ns_ip == INADDR_NONE) {
		warnx("Bad IP address to return as nameserver.");
		usage();
	}
	if (netmask > 30 || netmask < 8) {
		warnx("Bad netmask (%d bits). Use 8-30 bits.", netmask);
		usage();
	}
	
	if (strlen(password) == 0) {
		if (NULL != getenv(PASSWORD_ENV_VAR))
			snprintf(password, sizeof(password), "%s", getenv(PASSWORD_ENV_VAR));
		else
			read_password(password, sizeof(password));
	}

	if ((tun_fd = open_tun(device)) == -1) {
		retval = 1;
		goto cleanup0;
	}
	if (!skipipconfig) {
		if (tun_setip(argv[0], netmask) != 0 || tun_setmtu(mtu) != 0) {
			retval = 1;
			goto cleanup1;
		}
	}
	if ((dnsd_fd = open_dns(port, listen_ip)) == -1) {
		retval = 1;
		goto cleanup2;
	}
	if (bind_enable) {
		if ((bind_fd = open_dns(0, INADDR_ANY)) == -1) {
			retval = 1;
			goto cleanup3;
		}
	}

	my_mtu = mtu;

	created_users = init_users(my_ip, netmask);
	
	if (created_users < USERS) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Limiting to %d simultaneous users because of netmask /%d\n",
			created_users, netmask);
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "Listening to dns for domain %s\n", topdomain);

	if (foreground == 0) 
		do_detach();
	
	if (pidfile != NULL)
		do_pidfile(pidfile);

	if (newroot != NULL)
		do_chroot(newroot);

	signal(SIGINT, sigint);
	if (username != NULL) {
#ifndef WINDOWS32
		gid_t gids[1];
		gids[0] = pw->pw_gid;
		if (setgroups(1, gids) < 0 || setgid(pw->pw_gid) < 0 || setuid(pw->pw_uid) < 0) {
			warnx("Could not switch to user %s!\n", username);
			usage();
		}
#endif
	}

	if (context != NULL)
		do_setcon(context);

	syslog(LOG_INFO, "started, listening on port %d", port);
	
	tunnel(tun_fd, dnsd_fd, bind_fd);

	syslog(LOG_INFO, "stopping");
cleanup3:
	close_dns(bind_fd);
cleanup2:
	close_dns(dnsd_fd);
cleanup1:
	close_tun(tun_fd);	
cleanup0:

	return retval;
}